Yakagadzirwa nachiremba wechiFrench Gaston Plantémuna 1859, lead asidhi yaive yekutanga bhatiri rechargeable yekushandiswa kwekutengesa.Pasinei nezera rayo, kemisitiri inotungamira inoramba ichishandiswa zvakanyanya nhasi.Pane zvikonzero zvakanaka zvekuzivikanwa kwayo;lead asidhi inovimbika uye isingadhure pane inodhura-per-watt base.Kune mamwe mabhatiri mashoma anounza simba rakawanda zvakachipa selead acid, uye izvi zvinoita kuti bhatiri ridhure kumota, mota dzegorofu, forklifts, marine uye isingapindiki magetsi emagetsi (UPS).
Iyo grid chimiro chelead acid bhatiri inogadzirwa kubva kune lead alloy.Mutobvu wakachena wakanyanya kupfava uye haungazvitsigire, saka zvidiki zvedzimwe simbi zvinowedzerwa kuti uwane simba remuchina nekuvandudza zvinhu zvemagetsi.Zvinonyanyozivikanwa zvinowedzera antimony, calcium, tin uye selenium.Aya mabhatiri anowanzozivikanwa se "lead-antimony" uye "lead calcium."
Kuwedzera antimony netin kunonatsiridza kuchovha bhasikoro asi izvi zvinowedzera kushandiswa kwemvura uye zvinowedzera kudiwaequalize.Calcium inodzikisira kuzviburitsa, asi iyo yakanaka lead-calcium plate ine mhedzisiro yekukura nekuda kwegridi oxidation kana ichichajiswa zvakanyanya.Mabhatiri emazuva ano elead acid anoshandisawo madoping agents akadai seselenium, cadmium, tin uye arsenic kudzikisa antimony necalcium content.
Asidhi yemutobvu inorema uye haina kusimba kudarika nickel- uye lithium-based systems kana yakadzika bhasikoro.Kubuda kwakazara kunokonzeresa kunetseka uye kutenderera kwega kwega / kuchaja kunobira bhatiri huwandu hudiki hwekugona.Kurasikirwa uku kudiki apo bhatiri riri muchimiro chakanaka chekushanda, asi kupera kunowedzera kana mashandiro adonha kusvika pahafu yesimba rezita.Ichi hunhu hwekupfeka-pasi hunoshanda kune ese mabhatiri mumadhigirii akasiyana.
Zvichienderana nekudzika kwekubuda, lead acid ye-deep-cycle application inopa 200 kusvika 300 discharge/charge cycles.Zvikonzero zvekutanga zvehupenyu hwayo hupfupi kutenderera ndeye grid corrosion pane yakanaka electrode, kupera kwezvinhu zvinoshanda uye kuwedzera kwemaplateti akanaka.Ichi chiitiko chekuchembera chinokwidziridzwa patembiricha yakakwira yekushanda uye kana ichikwevera mafungu ekubuda.
Kuchaja bhatiri relead acid kuri nyore, asi iyo chaiyo voltage miganho inofanirwa kucherechedzwa.Kusarudza yakaderera voltage muganho kunodzivirira bhatiri, asi izvi zvinoburitsa kusashanda zvakanaka uye zvinokonzeresa kuwanda kwe sulfation pandiro yakaipa.Iyo yakakwira voltage muganho inovandudza mashandiro asi inoita grid corrosion pane yakanaka ndiro.Nepo sulfation inogona kudzoserwa kana ikashumirwa nenguva, ngura isingaperi.
Asidhi yemutobvu haikweretesi pakuchaja nekukurumidza uye nemhando zhinji, kuchaja kwakazara kunotora maawa 14-16.Bhatiri rinofanirwa kugara rakachengetwa rakazara-ye-charge.Low charge inokonzera sulfation, mamiriro anobira bhatiri kushanda.Kuwedzera kabhoni pane yakaipa electrode kunoderedza dambudziko iri asi izvi zvinodzikisira iyo chaiyo simba.
Asidhi yeLead ine hupenyu huri pakati nepakati, asi haisi pasi pendangariro senge nickel-based masisitimu ari, uye kuchengetwa kwechaji kwakanakisa pakati pemabhatiri anochajwa.Nepo NiCd ichirasikirwa neanosvika makumi mana muzana esimba rayo rakachengetwa mumwedzi mitatu, lead acid inoburitsa iyo yakaenzana mugore rimwe.Iyo lead acid bhatiri inoshanda zvakanaka pakutonhora uye yakakwirira kune lithium-ion kana ichishanda mu subzero mamiriro.Sekureva kweRWTH, Aachen, Germany (2018), mutengo wemafashama elead acid ungangoita madhora zana nemakumi mashanu pakWh, imwe yeakaderera mumabhatiri.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-13-2021