Likitan Faransa ya ƙirƙira Gaston Plantéa cikin 1859, gubar acid shine baturi na farko da ake caji don amfanin kasuwanci.Duk da haɓakar shekarunsa, sinadarai na gubar na ci gaba da kasancewa cikin amfani sosai a yau.Akwai kyawawan dalilai na shahararsa;gubar acid abin dogaro ne kuma mara tsada akan tushe mai tsada-kowa watt.Akwai wasu batura kaɗan waɗanda ke isar da ƙarfi mai yawa kamar arha kamar gubar acid, kuma wannan yana sa batirin ya yi tsada ga motoci, motocin golf, forklifts, marine da kuma samar da wutar lantarki mara katsewa (UPS).
Tsarin grid na baturin gubar an yi shi ne daga gunkin gubar.Dalma mai tsafta yana da taushi da yawa kuma ba zai goyi bayan kansa ba, don haka ana ƙara ƙaramin adadin wasu karafa don samun ƙarfin injina da haɓaka kayan lantarki.Abubuwan da aka fi amfani dasu sune antimony, calcium, tin da selenium.Waɗannan batura galibi ana kiransu da “lead-antimony” da “leadcalcium.”
Ƙara antimony da tin yana inganta hawan keke mai zurfi amma wannan yana ƙara yawan amfani da ruwa kuma yana ƙara buƙatardaidaita.Calcium yana rage fitar da kai, amma ingantaccen farantin dalma-calcium yana da tasirin girma saboda grid oxidation lokacin da ake caji.Batir acid gubar na zamani suma suna amfani da abubuwan kara kuzari kamar selenium, cadmium, tin da arsenic don rage sinadarin antimony da calcium.
Acid gubar yana da nauyi kuma baya dorewa fiye da tsarin tushen nickel da lithium lokacin da zurfin keke.Cikakkun fitarwa yana haifar da damuwa kuma kowane zagayowar zagayowar/zagayowar caji yana ƙwace ƙaramar ƙarfin baturi.Wannan asarar ƙarami ne yayin da baturin ke cikin kyakkyawan yanayin aiki, amma faɗuwar yana ƙaruwa da zarar aikin ya ragu zuwa rabin ƙarfin ƙididdiga.Wannan siffa ta lalacewa ta shafi duk batura a matakai daban-daban.
Dangane da zurfin fitarwa, gubar acid don aikace-aikacen zurfin sake zagayowar yana ba da zagayowar fitarwa / caji 200 zuwa 300.Dalilai na farko na rayuwar ɗan gajeren zagayowar sa shine lalatawar grid akan ingantaccen lantarki, raguwar kayan aiki da faɗaɗa ingantaccen faranti.Wannan al'amari na tsufa yana haɓaka a yanayin zafi mai ƙarfi na aiki da kuma lokacin zana igiyoyin ruwa mai ƙarfi.
Cajin baturin acid gubar abu ne mai sauƙi, amma dole ne a kiyaye madaidaicin iyakar ƙarfin lantarki.Zaɓin ƙarancin ƙarancin wutar lantarki yana ba da kariya ga baturi, amma wannan yana haifar da rashin aikin yi kuma yana haifar da haɓakar sulfation akan faranti mara kyau.Ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai girma yana inganta aiki amma yana haifar da lalata grid akan faranti mai kyau.Yayin da za a iya juyawa sulfation idan an yi hidima a cikin lokaci, lalata yana da dindindin.
Lead acid baya ba da rancen caji da sauri kuma tare da yawancin nau'ikan, cikakken caji yana ɗaukar awanni 14-16.Dole ne koyaushe a adana baturin a cikakken yanayin caji.Ƙananan caji yana haifar da sulfation, yanayin da ke ɓata aikin baturi.Ƙara carbon akan ƙananan lantarki yana rage wannan matsala amma wannan yana rage ƙayyadaddun makamashi.
Lead acid yana da matsakaicin tsawon rayuwa, amma ba a ƙarƙashin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kamar yadda tsarin tushen nickel yake, kuma riƙe cajin shine mafi kyau tsakanin batura masu caji.Yayin da NiCd ke asarar kusan kashi 40 na makamashin da aka adana a cikin watanni uku, gubar gubar tana fitar da adadin adadin a cikin shekara guda.Baturin gubar acid yana aiki da kyau a yanayin sanyi kuma ya fi lithium-ion yayin aiki a cikin yanayin ƙasa.A cewar RWTH, Aachen, Jamus (2018), farashin ruwan gubar da aka yi ambaliya ya kai kusan dala 150 a kowace kWh, ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarancin batura.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-13-2021